There is an ancient Greek document that is referred to as
The Didache - The Teaching. It claims to contain the main points of what Jesus taught as preached by the apostles.
It is generally believed to have been originally compiled in the first century AD. Possibly as early as 50 AD but unlikely to be later than 100 AD. Who authored it is unknown. It was mentioned favourably by several Early Church Fathers; Clement and Athanasius of Alexandra, Didymus, Eusebius, and Serapion of Thmuis.
Fragments were found in Greek, Latin, Syriac, Coptic, Ethiopian and Georgian. Then in 1873 a complete 11th century Greek text was discovered that was published in 1883.
This late manuscript may well have had some minor edits to match later dubious religious practices but the core of the teaching would appear not to have been seriously corrupted as it is completely in agreement with the New Testament. It may not have the authority of the Bible but it would seem to be of high integrity.
1. First we must love Yehovah our creator God with all our heart and then love our neighbour as ourselves. We are not to do to others what we do not want done to us. We also need to be generous.
2. The Ten Commandments are to be followed. In addition particular mention is made of the following deeds considered to be sinful: pederasty [men abusing boys], abortion, infanticide, witchcraft etc.
3. We also need to be free of bad attitudes and be good natured.
4. Honour ministers of the gospel. Help those in need.
Do not add or take away from the commandments of the Lord.
Keep your conscience free of guilt.
5. Many somewhat obviously depraved evils are described.
6. Beware of false teachings and food sacrificed to idols
7. Be baptised. Fast one or two days beforehand.
8. Fasting (Wednesday and Friday are suggested).
Pray and do not neglect the Lord’s Prayer.
9. & 10. Breaking Bread only for those baptised.
11. Reject false teachers, apostles and prophets. Support true teaches, apostles and prophets. If they ask you for money they are false.
12. Assist travelling disciples. If they stay more than a couple of days they should support themselves. Reject Christ-mongers. (Someone who merchandises the gospel). Freely you have received, freely give [Mat 10:8]. Simony is named after someone trying to buy the gifts of God [Acts 8:20]}
13. Support true teachers and prophets.
14. Gather on the Lord’s day and break bread. Resolve all conflict and confess sins so the assembly is pure and not soiled.
15. Appoint leaders and assistants from among worthy prophets and teachers.
16. The coming of the Lord. Keep yourself pure so you are ready for His coming.
| The Didache |
Full English text translated by Roberts-Donaldson